Burning and killing is the punishment for anyone who disobeys the church or apostatizes from Christianity.

 

Miguel Servet (Spanish: Miguel Servet, born September 29, 1511, Villanueva de Segna, Huesca, Spain—died October 27, 1553, Geneva, Switzerland) was a Spanish physicist, physician, translator, and theologian. His interests included astronomy and meteorology; geography, jurisprudence, biblical study, mathematics, anatomy, and medicine. He is best known for histories of some of these fields, especially medicine and theology.
Servetus wrote a theology that argued that the belief in the Trinity was not based on biblical teachings but rather on what he saw as the deceptive teachings of the Greek philosophers. He saw himself as leading a return to the simplicity and originality of the Bible and the early church fathers. In part, he hoped that the expulsion of the Trinitarian doctrine would increase Christianity's appeal to Judaism and Islam. [/SIZE] Servetus maintained that the divine Logos, which was an expression of God and not a separate divine personality, was united to a human being, Christ, when the Spirit of God came to the Virgin Mary. Only from that conception is the Son really created. So the Son was not eternal, but the Logos from which he was formed were eternal. For this reason, Servetus always rejected the idea that Christ was the "eternal Son of God," but rather simply the "Son of the eternal God." This theology, though entirely original, was often compared to Adoptionism and Sabellianism, which were early Christian heresies. Under intense pressure from both Catholics and Protestants, Servetus modified this interpretation somewhat in his second book, the Dialogues, to make the Logos coterminous with Christ. This made his views almost identical to those of the pre-Nicene doctrine, but he was still accused of heresy because of his insistence on denying the doctrine of the Trinity and the individuality of the three persons in one God.

Imprisonment and Burning
On 16 February 1553, while Servetus was in Vienne, he was denounced as a heretic by Guillaume Tri, a wealthy merchant of Geneva and a good friend of Calvin ^[1] , in a letter sent to Antoine Arnais, in Lyons. On behalf of the French inquisitor Mathieu Ory, Servetus was questioned as well as Arnais, a printer of the Christianismi Restitutio, but they denied all charges and were released for lack of evidence. Ory asked Antoine Arnais to reply to Guillaume Tri, and asked for proofs.
On 26 March 1553, the book and letters were sent from Servetus to Calvin and were forwarded to Lyons by Guillaume Tri. On 4 April of the same year, Servetus was arrested by the Roman Catholic authorities, and imprisoned in Vienne. He escaped from prison on April 7. On June 17 he was convicted of heresy by the French Inquisition, and condemned to be burned with his books. His effigy and his books were burned in his absence.
Intending to escape to Italy, Servetus stopped in Geneva, where he was denounced by Calvin and his reformers. On August 13, 1553, he attended a sermon by Calvin in Geneva. He was immediately recognized and arrested , ^[2] then imprisoned again and all his property confiscated.
Unfortunately for Servetus, Calvin was at this time fighting to maintain his weakened power in Geneva.Calvin's health and usefulness to the state meant that he did not appear personally against Servetus ^[3].Calvin's opponents also used Servetus as a pretext to attack the theocratic Genevan reform government. It became a matter of reputation for Calvin to instigate Servetus's trial. But Nicholas de La Fontaine took the most active part in the trial of Servetus and in recording the points by which he was convicted.
At his trial, Miguel Servetus was found guilty of two counts, denying and preaching Nontrinitarianism, and opposing infant baptism ^[4] . Miguel Servetus said that this was "the work of the devil, and a hellish counterfeit for the destruction of Christianity." ^[5] Regardless of the reason for his statement, his statements that the common Christian tradition was "of the devil" greatly hindered his ability to unite. Despite this, Sebastian Castellio denounced his execution and became a harsh critic of Calvin for the entire affair.

Although Calvin believed that Servetus deserved death, he nevertheless wished that it be not by burning, but by a more merciful method . ^[6] Calvin expressed these sentiments in a letter to Farel, written a week after Servetus's arrest. In the Protestant world of Basel his book was banned for sale. Martin Luther condemned his writing in explicit terms. Servetus and Philip Melanchthon had opposing views. Most Protestant reformers saw Servetus as a dangerous revolutionary, and the concept of religious freedom did not exist at that time. The Catholic world also wanted him imprisoned and sentenced to death, which led Calvin to match their severity.

On October 24, 1553, Servetus was sentenced to death by burning for denying the Trinity and infant baptism. When Calvin asked that Servetus be executed by the sword rather than by fire, William Farel, in a letter of September 8, 1553, rebuked him for what he considered to be unwarranted leniency . ^[7] On October 27, Miguel Servetus was burned
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1^ Benton, The Hunted Heretic, p. 103.
2^ The Heretics, p. 326.
3^ http://history.hanover.edu/texts/comserv.html
4^ The Hunted Heretic, p. 141.
5^ Hugh Young Reborn, John Calvin: His Life, Letters, and Works, p. 175.
6^ Robert Dale Owen, The Debatable Ground Between the Present and the Coming Worlds, p. 69.
7^ Calvinist History and Character, p. 176.

Maria Barbara Carillo (Jaén, 1625 – Madrid, 18 May 1721) was a Spanish woman who was burned at the stake for heresy during the Spanish Inquisition. She was the oldest person to be executed by the Inquisition,[1] being between 95 and 96 years old at the time of her execution.[2]

Carillo was one of thousands of Jews forcibly baptized, and was sentenced to death for heresy for having converted to Judaism, having been accused of practicing Judaism in secret.

1 ^ The History of the Jewish People.
2 ^ David Bimbaum: Jews, Church & Civilization, Volume IV, ISBN 9780980171099, p. 149

Thomas Cranmer (2 July 1489 – 21 March 1556) was a leader of the English Reformation and Archbishop of Canterbury during the reigns of Henry VIII and his son Edward VI, and for a short time under Mary I. Cranmer helped to arrange a divorce for Henry VIII from his first wife, Catherine of Aragon, which led to the separation of the Church of England from the Catholic Church. With the help of Thomas Cromwell, he passed a law giving the king absolute sovereignty over the church in his realm.
Henry VIII appointed him Archbishop of Canterbury on 3 December 1533,[2] and in this role he was responsible for establishing the doctrinal and liturgical structures for the reforms of the Church of England. During Henry VIII's reign, Cranmer did not make any radical changes to the Church, due to the power struggle between religious conservatives and reformers. However, he succeeded in publishing the first vernacular prayer book, the Book of Exhortation and Prayer, in 1544.

With the accession of Edward VI, Cranmer was able to make major reforms, writing and compiling the first two editions of the Book of Fundamental Prayer, the Complete Liturgy of the Church of England. With the help of the Reformers, he set new religious standards in the areas of the Eucharist, clerical celibacy, the role of religious images in places of worship, and the veneration of saints. Cranmer issued these new standards through the Prayer Book, the Book of Sermons, and other publications.

Under the Catholic Mary I, Cranmer was tried for treason and heresy, and imprisoned for more than two years. Under pressure from the church authorities, he made several amendments and pretended to believe in the Catholic faith. However, on the day of his execution, he revoked his last amendments, dying a heretic to Catholics and a martyr to Protestants. Cranmer was burned at the stake, and his ashes were scattered after his death.
2 ^ Ridley 1962, p. 70; MacCulloch 1996, p. 106
Sources
MacCulloch, Diarmaid (1996), Thomas Cranmer: A Life, London: Yale University Press, ISBN 0-300-06688-0.
Matthew, HCG; Harrison, Brian Howard, editors (2004), Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford: Oxford University Press, OCLC 56568095
Ridley, Jasper (1962), Thomas Cranmer, Oxford: Clarendon Press, OCLC 398369.

Giordano Bruno, also known as Nolano or Bruno di Nola (1548 in Nola – 17 February 1600 in Rome), was an Italian theologian and philosopher who was condemned as a heretic by the Catholic Church. He is a famous Italian philosopher. He was also initially a monk but later moved from theological studies to philosophy. He embraced the Copernican theory of the rotation of the Earth, despite it being forbidden by the clergy at the time, and went further by hypothesizing that the solar system was one of a set of systems covering the universe in the form of stars, a divinity, and an infinite universe. His theory also assumed that each of the other star systems contained planets and other intelligent beings.

Beginning in 1593, Bruno was tried as a heretic by the Roman Inquisition for denying fundamental Catholic doctrines (including the doctrine of hell, the Trinity, Christology, the virginity of Mary, and transubstantiation).[3] The Inquisition found him guilty, and in 1600 he was burned at the stake in Rome's Campo de' Fiori. After his death he gained great fame, and was regarded by a number of scholars, especially in the 19th and early 20th centuries, as a martyr for science,[4] although historians have argued that his trial was due to his philosophical, religious and theological views rather than his astronomical views.[5][6][7][8] Bruno's case is still considered a landmark in the history of free thought and emerging science, and as an expression of remorse the Church erected a statue of him in the Campo de' Fior

William Tyndale (1494-1538) was an English Protestant scholar and reformer in the sixteenth century. He translated the Bible into contemporary English. Although there were several partial and complete translations of the Bible in Old English since the seventh century and other translations in Middle English, specifically during the fourteenth century, he is considered the first to produce an English translation derived from the Greek and Hebrew texts of the Bible and the first to exploit the means of printing, which allowed for the wide distribution of the translated Bible. In 1535, Tyndale was arrested and imprisoned in Villevoord Castle outside Brussels for more than a year and tried on charges of heresy and treason. He was then hanged and burned at the stake.