The suspicion of bringing the plural instead of the dual
The suspicion of bringing the plural instead of the dual
. The origin of this suspicion
is the Almighty’s saying: (If you both repent to Allah, your hearts have indeed become inclined. But if you both back up against him, then indeed, Allah is his Protector, and so is Gabriel and the righteous believers) (1).
The witness in the verse, according to them, is “your hearts,” as the complement (hearts) came in the plural, and the complement to it “as” is dual. And what is being spoken of in the Almighty’s saying: “you both repent” is dual as well. They commented on this and said: “Why did he not say: your two hearts” because two people do not have more than two hearts?!
The response to the doubt:
The Arabs found it difficult to combine two duals in one word, so they would change from the dual to the plural, because the first plural for them was the two.
Among what the imams of language and grammar said about the plural of “hearts” in the verse is their saying:
“And your hearts” is one of the most eloquent speech, as the plural was used in the place of the dual, because it was difficult for the dual to come, if it had been said “your two hearts” (2).
And like this verse is the saying of God Almighty:
(And the male and female thief, cut off their hands) (3).
He used the plural “hands” in the place of the dual: my hands, in accordance with the tradition of the Arabs in their speech, and the Qur’an was revealed in their language. It is not understood from this that the plural replaced the dual only to correct the word, even though correcting the word and replacing the light one with the heavy one is an acceptable reason sufficient to direct this usage. However, if we looked closely and used our minds, we would find other meanings other than correcting the word. These meanings are gently hinted at by the plural in place of the dual. The explanation will come shortly.
Conclusion (4):
It has become clear to us from what has been presented that the Almighty’s saying “your hearts” is one of the most eloquent speech, and not only correct, but the small fortune of those who raise these doubts in the Arabic language is what made them talk nonsense about what they do not know, and pretend to be ignorant while they are illiterate.
As for what returns to the meaning from placing the plural in place of the dual over correcting the word as presented, its explanation is in what follows:
Let us begin with the verse of Al-Ma’idah, we find that the plural of hands indicates the actual plural, and that is from two aspects:
First: What is meant by “the male thief” and “the female thief” is not two individuals, but two types:
* The one who steals from men, whether it is one or two or three or four or a thousand and so on; because what is meant is the type and not the individual.
* The one who steals from women, not as an individual (one woman) but everyone who fits the description of theft. So thieves are not limited to a specific number, from the time of the revelation of the Qur’an until the Day of Resurrection.
The female thieves are not limited to a specific number, but rather they are a group that only Allah knows.
You see that the wording in “the thief” and “the female thief”, even if it is singular, is in terms of meaning a group that is unlimited in both genders: males and females.
The second aspect: The male or female thief may repeatedly steal, so the punishment is carried out on them again according to the number of times they steal.
In both situations (the first aspect and the second aspect), the word “hands” is plural. Added to the pronoun “they” there is a noticeable indication of the group as you have seen. This is what those who raise these doubts do not find guidance to.
As for the verse of “prohibition”, the scholars have interpreted it in two interpretations:
One of them: that “saghat” means: she deviated and sinned, and this is the interpretation of Ibn Abbas, may Allah be pleased with him (5).
Therefore, the coming of the two hearts together is an exaggeration and horror of what happened from the Prophet’s two wives, may God bless him and grant him peace, of divulging his secret, peace be upon him, because in that there is something that would harm him, may God bless him and grant him peace (6).
The second interpretation is close to the first, which is: “If it deviates” meaning it deviated, i.e. it deviated from the truth and right (7), and its interpretation is the interpretation of the first interpretation.
In the two verses there is a subtle meaning that is extremely unique, wonderful and miraculous, which is taking into account the word and the meaning together.
Taking into account the word in the dual of the complement, which is “they” in “their hands” and “as” in “your hearts”.
Then taking into account the meaning in the plural of hands and hearts.
The dual of the complement pronoun in them came based on the word in: “the male and female thief”.
And the plural of hands and hearts came based on the meaning understood from the implications of the situation in the true sense in the plural of hands.
And what is understood from the situation in the sense of the exaggerated revelation in the plural of hearts.
Yes: The wonders of the Qur’an never end, nor do its springs dry up, because it is a revelation from the Wise, the Praiseworthy.
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(1) At-Tahrim: 4.
(2) Ad-Durr Al-Masun (10/366).
(3) Al-Ma’idah: 38.
(4) See: the same source (4/262).
(5) Fath Al-Qadir by Imam Al-Shawkani (5/301).
(6) See: the entire story in one of the books of interpretation: Interpretation of Surat At-Tahrim; let it be the previous one - for example.
(7) Ad-Durr Al-Masun (10/265).
is the Almighty’s saying: (If you both repent to Allah, your hearts have indeed become inclined. But if you both back up against him, then indeed, Allah is his Protector, and so is Gabriel and the righteous believers) (1).
The witness in the verse, according to them, is “your hearts,” as the complement (hearts) came in the plural, and the complement to it “as” is dual. And what is being spoken of in the Almighty’s saying: “you both repent” is dual as well. They commented on this and said: “Why did he not say: your two hearts” because two people do not have more than two hearts?!
The response to the doubt:
The Arabs found it difficult to combine two duals in one word, so they would change from the dual to the plural, because the first plural for them was the two.
Among what the imams of language and grammar said about the plural of “hearts” in the verse is their saying:
“And your hearts” is one of the most eloquent speech, as the plural was used in the place of the dual, because it was difficult for the dual to come, if it had been said “your two hearts” (2).
And like this verse is the saying of God Almighty:
(And the male and female thief, cut off their hands) (3).
He used the plural “hands” in the place of the dual: my hands, in accordance with the tradition of the Arabs in their speech, and the Qur’an was revealed in their language. It is not understood from this that the plural replaced the dual only to correct the word, even though correcting the word and replacing the light one with the heavy one is an acceptable reason sufficient to direct this usage. However, if we looked closely and used our minds, we would find other meanings other than correcting the word. These meanings are gently hinted at by the plural in place of the dual. The explanation will come shortly.
Conclusion (4):
It has become clear to us from what has been presented that the Almighty’s saying “your hearts” is one of the most eloquent speech, and not only correct, but the small fortune of those who raise these doubts in the Arabic language is what made them talk nonsense about what they do not know, and pretend to be ignorant while they are illiterate.
As for what returns to the meaning from placing the plural in place of the dual over correcting the word as presented, its explanation is in what follows:
Let us begin with the verse of Al-Ma’idah, we find that the plural of hands indicates the actual plural, and that is from two aspects:
First: What is meant by “the male thief” and “the female thief” is not two individuals, but two types:
* The one who steals from men, whether it is one or two or three or four or a thousand and so on; because what is meant is the type and not the individual.
* The one who steals from women, not as an individual (one woman) but everyone who fits the description of theft. So thieves are not limited to a specific number, from the time of the revelation of the Qur’an until the Day of Resurrection.
The female thieves are not limited to a specific number, but rather they are a group that only Allah knows.
You see that the wording in “the thief” and “the female thief”, even if it is singular, is in terms of meaning a group that is unlimited in both genders: males and females.
The second aspect: The male or female thief may repeatedly steal, so the punishment is carried out on them again according to the number of times they steal.
In both situations (the first aspect and the second aspect), the word “hands” is plural. Added to the pronoun “they” there is a noticeable indication of the group as you have seen. This is what those who raise these doubts do not find guidance to.
As for the verse of “prohibition”, the scholars have interpreted it in two interpretations:
One of them: that “saghat” means: she deviated and sinned, and this is the interpretation of Ibn Abbas, may Allah be pleased with him (5).
Therefore, the coming of the two hearts together is an exaggeration and horror of what happened from the Prophet’s two wives, may God bless him and grant him peace, of divulging his secret, peace be upon him, because in that there is something that would harm him, may God bless him and grant him peace (6).
The second interpretation is close to the first, which is: “If it deviates” meaning it deviated, i.e. it deviated from the truth and right (7), and its interpretation is the interpretation of the first interpretation.
In the two verses there is a subtle meaning that is extremely unique, wonderful and miraculous, which is taking into account the word and the meaning together.
Taking into account the word in the dual of the complement, which is “they” in “their hands” and “as” in “your hearts”.
Then taking into account the meaning in the plural of hands and hearts.
The dual of the complement pronoun in them came based on the word in: “the male and female thief”.
And the plural of hands and hearts came based on the meaning understood from the implications of the situation in the true sense in the plural of hands.
And what is understood from the situation in the sense of the exaggerated revelation in the plural of hearts.
Yes: The wonders of the Qur’an never end, nor do its springs dry up, because it is a revelation from the Wise, the Praiseworthy.
-----
(1) At-Tahrim: 4.
(2) Ad-Durr Al-Masun (10/366).
(3) Al-Ma’idah: 38.
(4) See: the same source (4/262).
(5) Fath Al-Qadir by Imam Al-Shawkani (5/301).
(6) See: the entire story in one of the books of interpretation: Interpretation of Surat At-Tahrim; let it be the previous one - for example.
(7) Ad-Durr Al-Masun (10/265).
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