How can Satan disobey God, even though he is an angel?
How can Iblis disobey Allah while he is one of the angels who do not disobey Allah ?
The response to the doubt about how can Iblis disobey Allah while he is one of the angels who do not disobey Allah .
Regarding Iblis’s disobedience while he is one of the angels who do not disobey Allah, the Qur’an confirms that angels cannot disobey Allah [ At-Tahrim: 6 ]. However, Iblis, who was one of the angels , disobeyed , as in the verse [ Al-Baqarah: 34 ]. Which of the two is correct? (End).
The response to the doubt: -
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Angels are creatures created to obey Allah , worship Him, and glorify Him and through Him. They do not disobey Allah, the Almighty: ( O you who have believed, protect yourselves and your families from a Fire whose fuel is people and stones, over which are [appointed] angels, harsh and severe; they do not disobey Allah in what He commands them but do what they are commanded .)
And while this verse states that these angels who are in charge of the fire [ do not disobey God in what He commands them and do what they are commanded ], the Holy Qur’an states that Iblis - who is one of the angels - is at the peak of disobedience and rebellion: ( And when We said to the angels, “Prostrate to Adam,” they prostrated, except for Iblis . He refused and was arrogant and became of the disbelievers .) There is a possibility to combine the meanings of the two verses, by saying: that all angels do not disobey God - Glory be to Him - they are created and created to obey.. But this does not negate the existence of a class, which is the jinn - and among them is Iblis , whom the Qur’an includes under the name of angels - just as the angels are also described as jinn - due to their concealment and concealment - and this class of jinn, some of them are obedient and some of them are disobedient.. In the interpretation of Imam Muhammad Abduh [1265 - 1323 AH, 1849 - 1905 AD] of the verse [Al-Baqarah: 34 ] he says: “That is, they prostrated except for Iblis , and he is an individual from the angels , as is understood from the verse and similar ones in the story, except for the verse of the Cave, which speaks that he was from the jinn.. We do not have evidence that there is an essential division between the angels and the jinn that distinguishes one from the other, but rather it is a difference in classes, when the descriptions differ. So it appears that the jinn are a class From the angels. The Qur’an has used the term “Paradise” for the angels , according to the opinion of the majority of commentators, in the Almighty’s saying: ( And they made a relationship between Him and the Paradise ). And for the devils at the end of Surat An-Nas. We also find this opinion in Al-Qurtubi .
In his interpretation [ Al-Jami’ li Ahkam Al-Qur’an ] he says:
“ Saeed bin Jubair said : The jinn are a tribe of angels , created from fire, and Iblis is one of them, and the rest of the angels were created from light.. and the angels are called jinn because of their concealment. And in the revelation: ( And they made between Him and the jinn a relationship ) and the poet A’sha Qais said - in mentioning Solomon - peace be upon him: And he subjected from the jinn of the angels nine standing by him, working without pay . So there is no contradiction between the angels not disobeying God .. and the disobedience of Iblis .. and he is from the jinn, who were given the name of angels - so he is like the jinn, some of them are obedient and some are disobedient.”
Iblis is one of the jinn, and most likely they are a people who have free will, because when the Qur’an was revealed, Allah challenged mankind and jinn with it.
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There is a difference of opinion among the commentators about whether Iblis is an angel or a jinn. Some of them consider the jinn to be a group of angels, and Ibn Abbas said this. The other group says no, the jinn are not angels, not even for the blink of an eye. This is the school of thought that I tend toward for reasons:
First: Angels were created from light, while Iblis was created from poisonous fire.
Second: Angels do not marry, are not given in marriage, and do not reproduce, while Iblis has offspring.
Third: Angels do not disobey Allah in what He commands them and do what they are commanded. They are naturally obedient, while Iblis disobeyed and has the ability to disobey and obey.
Fourth: Among the characteristics of angels are humility and submission to Allah Almighty, while Iblis was filled with arrogance, hatred, and malice toward Adam.
And I would like to add, with your permission:
Ibn Kathir said: “
The purpose is that when Allah the Most High commanded the angels to prostrate to Adam, Iblis entered into their discourse; because even though he was not of their race, he had imitated them and observed their actions , so that is why he entered into their discourse, and was blamed for disobeying the command .” Vol. 1, p. 230.
He said: “
{ So they prostrated, except Iblis. He was of the jinn } meaning: his origin betrayed him; for he was created from a smokeless flame of fire, and the origin of the creation of the angels is from light, as is proven in Sahih Muslim on the authority of Aisha, on the authority of the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, that he said: “The angels were created from light, and Iblis was created from a smokeless flame of fire. Adam was created from what has been described to you.” So when there is a need, every vessel is filled with what is in it, and nature betrayed him when there is a need, because he had imitated the actions of the angels and resembled them, and worshipped and performed asceticism, so that is why he entered into their discourse . And he disobeyed by disobeying. )) Part 5, p. 167
Al-Hasan al-Basri said: “
Iblis was never one of the angels for the blink of an eye , and he is the origin of the jinn, just as Adam, peace be upon him, is the origin of mankind .” At-Tabari (15/170).
Ibn Kathir said about the narrations that say that Iblis is from a tribe of angels and that he is one of their nobles and was the keeper of Paradise
: “ Many narrations have been narrated about this from the predecessors, and most of them are from the Isra’iliyyat that are transmitted to be examined , and Allah knows best about the condition of many of them. Among them is what may be proven false because it contradicts the truth that is in our hands . The Qur’an is sufficient for everything else from the previous narrations, because it is almost never free of alteration, addition, and subtraction, and many things have been placed in it, and they do not have the skilled preservers who can remove from it the distortion of the extremists and the fabrications of the falsifiers, as this [nation] has imams and scholars, and the pious and righteous and noble masters from the great critics, and the excellent preservers, who recorded the hadith and edited it, and clarified its authenticity from…” Its good, from its weak, from its rejected and fabricated, and its abandoned and false, and they knew the fabricators and liars and the unknown , and other types of men, all of that to protect the prophetic side and the Muhammadan position, the Seal of the Messengers, and the Master of mankind [upon him be the best greetings, prayers and peace], from ascribing to him a lie, or saying about him what is not [from him], so may God be pleased with them and satisfy them, and make the Gardens of Paradise their abode, and He did . )) Vol. 5, p. 168-169
And Imam Ibn Jibreen said: -
(( Then he arranged on his saying:
from the jinn with the letter
fa, so he disobeyed the command of his Lord , so it indicates... that the reason for his disobedience to his Lord is that he is from the origin of the jinn, not from the origin of the angels. This is the most obvious thing in the place of dispute .))Al-Hasan Al-Basri said: “Satan was not among the angels for the blink of an eye.”
{He said, “What prevented you from prostrating when I commanded you?” He said, “I am better than him. You created me from fire and created him from clay.”} Al-A’raf 12
se cleraly hes among jins
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